景观多维感受及其流变评价研究前沿

Advances in Research on Multidimensional Landscape Perception and Its Dynamics

关键词:  风景园林  景观感受  景观多维感受  多感官协同  动态景观感受  文献计量分析

Key words:  landscape architecture  landscape perception  multidimensional landscape perception  multisensory integration  dynamic landscape perception  bibliometric analysis

摘要:

旨在探索景观多维感受及其相互关联的景观感受流变，包括动态景观感受、景观流变分析评价及景观多维感受领域多元并进的研究路径。通过梳理2000—2024年相关文献，重点分析领域的研究方法及应用，发现该领域演进迄今呈现四阶段：1)视觉美学评价理论方法继承深化；2)感受维度增加与动态感受兴起；3)科技推动跨学科融合；4)多感官协同与动态景观体验。从理论、方法和科技应用三方面梳理出该领域3条相互交织的演进脉络：由“视觉中心”向“动态景观”与“多感官互动”转变的理论范式；由单一主观评价走向多源数据融合研究方法；从GIS等传统工具拓展至VR、人工智能与生理传感等科学技术的科技应用。

Abstract:

Landscape Perception is a fundamental theoretical issue in landscape architecture, closely related to the improvement of human settlement quality and human well-being. Research on Landscape Perception emerged in the 1960s, initially focusing on visual aesthetic evaluation and forming a traditional paradigm dominated by static visual landscapes. This static evaluation ignores the dynamic process of perception and the participation of multiple senses, thereby limiting the depth of development of research on Landscape Perception. With the advancement of interdisciplinary integration and technological innovation, research on multidimensional and dynamic Landscape Perception has gradually become a frontier topic. This study applies bibliometric analysis to review 119 relevant domestic and international publications from 2000 to 2024, dividing the evolution of multidimensional Landscape Perception research into four periods: 1) the germination period of multidimensional perception (2000-2010), characterized by the refinement of visual aesthetic evaluation paradigms; 2) the emergence of soundscape and multisensory exploration (2010-2015), marking the inclusion of multisensory experience and the emergence of dynamic perception; 3) the technology-driven and interdisciplinary integration period (2015-2020), with VR, GIS, and related technologies deepened research on dynamic landscape experience; and 4) the period of multisensory and dynamic landscape integration (2020-present), emphasizing multisensory coordination and dynamic human-environment interaction. Comprehensive analysis reveals that Landscape Perception research has undergone significant transformations in theory, methodology, and technology. The theoretical paradigm has changed from a "visual-centered" to a "multisensory interactive" model, with increasing emphasis on the dynamic process of landscape experience and human-environment interaction. Methodologically, studies have evolved from static subjective evaluation to dynamic process modeling and multi-source data integration. Technologically, research tools have advanced from traditional GIS-based spatial analysis to extensive applications of VR/AR, artificial intelligence, and wearable sensing technologies, thereby promoting the further recognition and identification of perceptual processes. These kinds of developments have enriched the theoretical recognition of multidimensional perceptual evolution and provided practical insights for designing multisensory and dynamically landscape experiences. Current research on multidimensional Landscape Perception still faces challenges in theoretical synthesis, methodological consistency, and practical application. Theoretical aspects, a unified framework remains lacking, with fragmented paradigms scattered across visual, auditory, and olfactory subfields. Methodologically, the absence of a standardized multidimensional evaluation system limits the comparability of results. In terms of practice, the translation of research into design remains in its infancy, and real-time collection, integration, and visualization of multisensory data require further improvement. Future landscape perception research should develop in theoretical integration, methodological innovation, technological application, and international exchange. Theoretically, it should construct a comprehensive framework led by local cultural perspectives, incorporating insights from environmental psychology, neuroscience, and aesthetics to establish cross-contextual evaluation systems. Methodologically, it should develop multimodal data fusion and dynamic tracking techniques, combined with causal inference, to reveal intrinsic mechanisms linking multisensory stimuli with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses. Technologically, research should integrate AI, VR/AR, and the Internet of Things to enhance real-time sensing, data fusion, and dynamic visualization, ultimately building intelligent evaluation and feedback systems. At the international level, scholars should actively engage in global discourses on "multisensory landscapes", "urban well-being", and "ecopsychology", contributing to the construction of a globally recognized research network and academic discourse system for Landscape Perception.