40年感怀，从《中国园林》思考中国风景园林——宏观政策及传统认识论和方法论 视角下的专业思考

Reflections on the 40 Years of Chinese Landscape Architecture, and Thinking about Chinese Landscape Architecture: Professional Thinking from the Perspective of Macro-policy and Traditional Epistemology and Methodology

关键词:  风景园林  景观  学科  行业  内求法  外求法

Key words:  landscape architecture  landscape  discipline  industry  internal seeking method  external seeking method

摘要:

站在辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的视角，回顾过去、立足现在、展望将未来。改革与开放，发展是核心。对内改革，对外开放，改革促进开放，开 放引发改革。改革的效益促进了开放的成果。40年来《中国园林》成就斐然，反映出风景园林在国家改革与开放的交替中发展完善。客观总结行业的起伏、学 科的起起伏伏，以及彼此冷热不均的成长历程，《中国园林》从10年前的“三十而立”，到了今天的“四十有惑”。旨在回顾杂志创刊以来与国家政策相呼应 的发展历程；对中国风景园林的重要现象进行反思；针对问题和疑惑，展望学科未来；具体事件与认识论、方法论兼顾，倡导整体把握、内求法与外求法结合 的研究思路。

Abstract:

From the perspective of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, we look back at the past, ground ourselves in the present, and look forward to the future. In the reform and opening up, development is the core. Internal reform and external opening up mutually reinforce each other, with reform driving opening up and opening up spurring reform. The benefits of reform have enhanced the outcomes of opening up. In the past 40 years, Chinese Landscape Architecture has made remarkable achievements, reflecting the development and refinement of landscape architecture amidst the alternating phases of national reform and opening up. The paper objectively summarizes the ups and downs of the industry, the fluctuations of the discipline, and the uneven growth process of each other. Chinese Landscape Architecture has php?classid=58&id=13821. YUE D C. Some views on Mr. ZHENG Yongnian on his Why does China not have its own knowledge system [EB/OL]. (2013-05-02)[2025-06- 05]. https://www.hswh.org.cn/e/DoPrint/index. php?classid=58&id=13821. [22] 中国科学技术协会.风景园林学科发展报告2009— 2010[Ｍ].北京：中国科学技术出版社，2010：143. China Association for Science and Technology. Report on the Development of Landscape Architecture 2009-2010[M]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 2010: 143. [23] 周武忠.著名科学家钱学森的园林艺术观[EB/OL]. (2014-05-05)[2025-06-05].https://news.sjtu.edu. cn/ztzl_xzbt/20180414/70794.html. ZHOU W Z. Famous scientist Qian Xuesen's view of garden art[EB/OL]. (2014-05-05)[2025-06-05]. https://news.sjtu.edu.cn/ztzl_xzbt/20180414/70794. html. [24] 钱学森.园林艺术是我国创立的独特艺术部门[J].城市规 划，1984，8(1)：23-25. QIAN X S. Yuanlin Art (Chinese Landscape Architecture) as A Unique Art Deparment Created by China[J]. City Planning Review, 1984, 8(1): 23- 25. [25] 庞明.智能气功科学精义[M].北京：国际文化出版公司， 1994：144-148. PANG M. Scientific Essence of Intelligent Qigong[M]. Beijing: International Culture Publishing Company, 1994: 144-148. [26] 庞明.智能气功科学概论[M].修订本.北京：国际文化出 版公司，1994：93. PANG M. Introduction to Intelligent Qigong Science[M]. Amendments. Beijing: International Culture Publishing Company, 1994: 93. [27] 徐然，伍玉林.“易道”世界观与现代物理学思想的和谐 性探微[J].学理论，2016(1)：76-77. XU R, WU Y L. On the Harmony between "The Changes truth" World Outlook and Modern Physics Thought[J]. Academic theory, 2016(1): 76-77. [28] 金荷仙，汪辉，苗诗麒，等.1985—2014年《中国 园林》载文统计分析与研究[J].中国园林，2015， 31(10)：43-56． [28] JIN H X, WANG H, MIAO S Q, et al. The Statistical Analysis and Research on the Chinese Landscape Architecture from 1985 to 2014[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2015, 31(10): 43-56. [29] 贾晶茹，戴静妍，钟小淼.发展中国家经济结构转型方式 与政策实施：基于新结构经济学模型的讨论[J].时代金 融，2017(30)：168-183. evolved from standing firm at its 30th anniversary ten years ago to exploring more possibilities in its 40s. This article aims to review the development process in response to national policies since the founding of the journal, reflect on the important phenomena of landscape architecture in China, and address issues and doubts while envisioning the future of the discipline. The paper advocates the research approach that balances specific events with epistemology and methodology, emphasizing the holistic perspective and the integration of internal seeking and external seeking methods.