基于SEM的徽饶古道沿线文化遗产价值评价

Value Evaluation of Cultural Heritage along Huirao Ancient Road Based on SEM

关键词:  风景园林  文化遗产  价值评价  结构方程模型  徽饶古道

Key words:  landscape architecture  cultural heritage  value evaluation  structural equation model  Huirao Ancient Road

摘要:

科学衡量古道沿线文化遗产的价值，是推动文化遗产整体性保护、实现古道活态保护和创新发展的重要基础。从文化遗产价值评价角度出发，以徽饶 古道沿线文化遗产为研究对象，建立文化遗产价值评价指标体系。基于问卷调查所获数据，采用结构方程模型，定量分析文化遗产的价值与各指标之间的影响关 系，并以此为依据确定指标权重，得出文化遗产的综合价值。结果表明：徽饶古道沿线文化遗产的价值主要体现在历史、艺术、科学、社会和使用5个层面；徽饶 古道沿线文化遗产有着较高的艺术水平和社会价值，但未得到广泛的应用与传播，社会认同感偏低；府治、县治所在地和古道线路节点处多为较高等级遗产分布 地，是徽饶古道沿线文化遗产开发利用的重要节点。基于以上评价结果，针对性提出徽饶古道沿线文化遗产保护发展建议。

Abstract:

Huizhou Ancient Road is an important traffic route for business contacts, personnel exchanges, and material transport in ancient Huizhou. As an important part of Huizhou Ancient Road, Huirao Ancient Road is an important material carrier of Huizhou culture, and the cultural heritage along the road carries rich historical information and cultural memory. Scientific measurement of the value of cultural heritage along the ancient road is an important foundation for promoting the holistic protection of cultural heritage and realizing the living protection and innovative development of the ancient road. Starting from the perspective of cultural heritage value evaluation, this study takes cultural heritage along Huirao Ancient Road as the research object, constructs a cultural heritage value evaluation system with 5 first-level indicators and 15 second-level indicators, and explores the path to scientifically quantify the value of cultural heritage. Based on the questionnaire, the structural equation model is used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between the value of cultural heritage and the influence of each indicator, and based on this, the weights of the indicators are determined to arrive at the comprehensive value of cultural heritage. It is found that: 1) The value of cultural heritage along Huirao Ancient Road presents multidimensional composite characteristics, and its value is mainly reflected in five dimensions: history, art, science, society, and use. 2) The weights of the firstlevel indicators of the cultural heritage value evaluation system along Huirao Ancient Road are, in order, artistic value (0.214) > social value (0.206) > use value (0.201) > historical value (0.192) > the multiple value attributes of cultural heritage and the public's high recognition of its cultural significance. 3) The comprehensive evaluation results of cultural heritage value along the Hui-Rao Ancient Road are divided into five grades, of which the number of Grade IV and V cultural heritage is the highest, and these heritage sites, although relatively low in value, still have important potentials for preservation and utilization. In addition, high-level cultural heritage (e.g. Level I and II) is mainly concentrated in Shexian and Xiuning County areas, which are not only the historical seats of the prefectures and counties but also important nodes of Huirao Ancient Road. Due to the special characteristics of geographical location and historical status, these areas become a cluster of high-grade cultural heritage, and at the same time, they are also the core areas for the development and utilization of cultural heritage along Huirao Ancient Road. Based on the evaluation results, the protection and development strategy of cultural heritage along Huirao Ancient Road is proposed: in terms of the protection system, a spatial pattern of "one axis, four cores, and four corridors" is constructed, and four comprehensive protection zones are divided to carry out differentiated protection; in terms of the revitalization of the use of the area, the development of the Scholar's Hometown, the Ancient Road Expedition, the Huizhou merchant culture, and the recreation tourism of the four characteristics; in terms of dissemination and promotion, it builds online and offline three-dimensional dissemination matrix, and regularly organizes cultural activities to display the local culture and art of Huizhou. The study provides a new research direction for the evaluation of cultural heritage value and helps to improve the regional cultural heritage protection system and promote the integrated development of culture and tourism.