古代地方城市水利营建智慧及地域景观 表达——以宜春李渠为例

Wisdom of Water Conservancy Constructionin Ancient Cities and Expression of RegionalLandscape: A Case Study of Li Qu (Canal) in Yichun

关键词:  ：风景园林  城市水利  李渠营建  地域景观

Key words:  landscape architecture  urban water conservancy  construction of Li Qu (Canal)  regional landscapee

摘要:

：江西自古以来便与水相生，历史沉淀出的理水智慧被 国内外学者高度关注与研究。以古城宜春城袁州区内的千古名 渠——李渠为研究对象，进行营建智慧与地域景观表达研究。 通过分析山水环境背景，以此探寻李渠水系统运作机理；梳理 史料文献并总结出理水防灾的营建智慧与管理机制，即“近郊 凿渠，田沟相通”“一渠穿城，分区做功”“蓄泄排布，驯水 有方”“责任分散，集中有序”“修缮运营，沿革共建”，最 终形成“清沥江-城外乡野-蓄水池塘-城内沟渠-秀江”的千年 驯水模式。结合文献中李渠的流经区域、分区特性，以图式语 言法总结李渠在环境营建上对地域空间景观元素的表达所产生 的影响，有助于深入认识中国传统水利营建的智慧和城市水利 的景观格局，以期能对如今城市水利的建设提供一定借鉴，对 古李渠水利与其景观风貌的保存和复原提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Jiangxi has been associated with water since ancient times, and its superb water management skills have been highly concerned and studied by scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, Li Qu, an ancient famous canal in Yuanzhou District of Yichun City, is taken as the research object to study the construction wisdom and regional landscape expression. By analyzing the background of landscape environment, the operation mechanism of Li Qu water system is explored. By sorting out historical documents and summarizing the construction wisdom and management mechanism of water management and disaster prevention, namely "digging canals in the suburbs, and connecting fields and ditches", "a canal running through the city, and zoning to function", "storage and drainage arrangements, and taming the water in a proper way", "apportioned responsibilities, while being concentrated and orderly", "repair and operation, and inheritance and co-construction", the "Qingli River - countryside outside the city - water storage ponds - ditches inside the city - Xiu River" of the millennium model of taming the water is finally formed. Based on the regional and zoning characteristics of Li Qu flowing areas in the literature, this paper summarizes the influence of Li Qu on the expression of regional spatial landscape elements through the schema language method, which is helpful to deeply understand the wisdom of Chinese traditional water conservancy construction and the landscape pattern of urban water conservancy, in order to provide some reference for the construction of urban water conservancy today, and for the preservation and restoration of ancient Li Qu water conservancy and its landscape features.