GI格局影响区域气温的尺度效应和空间 分异特征——基于天津市的实证

The Scale Variation and Spatial Heterogeneityof Regional Temperature Influenced by GreenInfrastructure (GI) Pattern—An Empirical EvidenceBased on Tianjin

关键词:  风景园林  绿色基础设施(GI)  GI格局  热岛效 应  城市区域气温  空间分异  天津

Key words:  landscape architecture  green infrastructure (GI)  GI pattern  heat island effect  urban regional temperature  spatial heterogeneity  Tianjin

摘要:

绿色基础设施为应对气候变化提供了一种基于自然 的解决方案，尤其在调节区域气温方面发挥着重要作用。既有 关于绿色基础设施与区域气候关联性的研究主要关注规模数量 对全局尺度气候因子的影响，对尺度变化及其空间异质性的讨 论不足。以天津市为例，综合运用景观生态学和地理加权回归 分析方法，在测度研究区绿色基础设施格局的基础上，深入探 讨了绿色基础设施格局影响区域气温的尺度效应和空间作用规 律。结果表明：1)绿色基础设施格局能够显著影响区域气温， 且随着尺度增加各项格局指数与区域气温的相关程度均呈现先 增大后减小的趋势，并在7km×7km尺度下达到峰值；2)各 项格局指数与区域气温的相关程度整体上为面积类指数＞聚集 类指数＞密度类指数＞形状类指数；3)各项格局指数与区域气 温的相关性具有空间非稳定性特征，其中半城市化地区的区域 气温更易受到格局变化的影响。最后，提出以乡镇(街道)为单 元的GI格局分区优化措施，以期为气候适应性规划设计和各类 相关政策的制定提供科学指导。

Abstract:

Green Infrastructure (GI) plays an important role in regulating regional temperature. The existing researches mainly focus on the influence of quantity on climate factors, but there is insufficient discussion on the scale variation of GI pattern and its spatial heterogeneity. Taking Tianjin as an example, the scale effects and spatial patterns of GI patterns affecting regional temperature are explored by integrating landscape ecology and geographically weighted regression model. The results show that: 1) The GI pattern can significantly affect the regional temperature, and the correlation coefficients of each pattern index and regional temperature show a trend of increasing and then decreasing, and reach the peak at the scale of 7km × 7km; 2) The correlation degree of each GI pattern index and regional temperature has obvious differences, with the overall area index > aggregation index > density index > shape index; 3) The correlation between each pattern index and regional temperature has a spatial non-stationary feature, among which the regional temperature in semi-urbanized areas is more susceptible to the influence of pattern changes. Finally, the optimization measures of GI pattern are proposed to provide scientific guidance for the design of climate adaptation planning and the formulation of various related policies.