城市热屿的时空变化特征及其与绿地的 相关性研究——以南京主城区为例

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Urban HeatIslets and Its Correlation with Urban Green Space:A Case Study of Central Nanjing

关键词:  风景园林  城市热岛  热屿  时空变化  城市绿 地  破碎  融合

Key words:  landscape architecture  urban heat island  heat islet  spatiotemporal change  urban green space  fragmentation  mergence

摘要:

在全球气候变化的背景下，热岛效应成为城市面临 的重要挑战之一，但针对热岛自身组成和分布的时空异质性研 究还比较少。以南京主城区2017和2022年的热环境为例， 将热岛细分为多个独立的热屿(heat islets)，识别出不同的 时空变化类型，并探索城市绿地与热屿变化的相关性。结果表 明，破碎与融合是热屿时空变化的主要类型，其中破碎之后热 屿的热岛强度会明显降低，而融合类型则正好相反。破碎或融 合前后热屿的变化与其中绿地的变化有极显著的相关性。假 设其他因素一致的情况下，绿地面积每增加1.00hm2，热屿 面积会平均减少14.25hm2，热屿破碎后的数量会平均增加 1.86个；绿地面积每减少1.00hm2，就有平均1.51个热屿 融合在一起，热屿的面积也会平均增加3.89hm2。根据不同 热屿的特征进行针对性的绿地规划布局，能更加有效地降低热 岛强度。研究结果有望为缓解城市热岛效应提供新的研究和实 践思路。

Abstract:

Under the context of global climate change, the urban heat island effect has become one of the grant challenges in urban area. However, there are few studies on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the inner composition and distribution of heat islands. This study takes the thermal environment of the main urban area of Nanjing in 2017 and 2022 as examples, divides the heat islands into multiple independent heat islets, identifies different types of spatiotemporal variation, and explores the correlation of urban green space with heat islets heterogeneity. The results show that fragmentation and mergence are the 2 main types of spatiotemporal variation of heat islets, and the urban heat islands intensity of heat islets will decrease obviously after fragmentation, while the merged islets have the opposite trend. There is a significant correlation between the changes of heat islets and urban green space. Assuming that all else being equal, when green space increases by 1.00hm2, the mean area of heat islet will decrease by 14.25hm2, and the number of heat islets will increase by 1.86 on average. On the contrary, for every 1.00hm2 reduction in green space, an average of 1.51 heat islets will merge together, and the mean area of heat islets will also increase by 3.89hm2. It indicates that targeted green space planning and layout according to the characteristics of different heat islets could efficiently reduce the urban heat island intensity. This study is expected to provide novel study and practical ideas for the mitigation of urban heat islands.