城市公园体系游憩服务覆盖绩效评估—— 以天津市市内六区为例

Performance Evaluation of Recreational ServiceCoverage of Urban Park System: A Case Study ofthe Six Districts of Tianjin

关键词:  风景园林  城市公园体系  游憩服务  绩效评估  公园绿地  空间分异

Key words:  landscape architecture  urban park system  recreational service  performance evaluation  urban park  spatial disparities

摘要:

城市公园体系作为城市公共服务的重要空间组成， 合理评估其游憩服务覆盖绩效有助于推进城市基本公共服务 的公平公正。统筹评估不同规模城市级、社区级公园的游憩 服务覆盖范围差异，从游憩服务供给效率和游憩服务承载强 度两方面构建城市公园体系游憩服务覆盖绩效评估体系，并 以天津市市内六区公园体系为例进行实证研究，分析其在各 街道单元的游憩服务覆盖绩效差异。结果表明，天津市市内 六区公园体系游憩服务覆盖绩效在各个街道单元呈现显著 不均衡特点，从高到低5个等级的街道单元个数占比分别为 11.11%、12.70%、39.68%、20.63%、15.87%。其 中，城市公园体系游憩服务覆盖绩效相对较低的街道单元数 量是相对较高的街道单元数量的1.53倍，多分布于市内六区 中心区域或东西侧、东南侧的边缘区域。研究结果可为多层 级多类型城市公园体系的游憩服务覆盖绩效评估及公园体系 规划布局决策提供参考。

Abstract:

The urban park system is an important spatial component of urban public services, and reasonable evaluation of its recreational service coverage performance will help promote the fairness and justice of urban basic public services. This study comprehensively considers the differences in the coverage of recreational services in city-level and community-level parks of different scales, and constructs a performance evaluation system for the coverage of recreational services in the urban park system from the perspectives of the supply efficiency of recreational services and the carrying intensity of recreational services. Taking the park system of the six districts within Tianjin as a case study, the results showed that the coverage performance of recreational services in the six districts of Tianjin's park system is significantly uneven. Among them, the number of street units with relatively low coverage performance of recreational services is 1.53 times that of relatively high street units, and they are mostly distributed in the center of the six districts or the fringe areas on the east, west and southeast sides of the six districts. The study is helpful for the performance evaluation of the multi-level and multi-type urban park system in terms of the recreational service coverage, as well as for the decision-making on the planning and layout of park systems.