基于系统地图法的城市生态系统负面 服务研究进展述评

Critical Review on the Research Progress of Urban Ecosystem Disservices Researches Based on Systematic Mapping

关键词:  风景园林  生态系统服务  损害  蓝绿空间  健康  福祉

Key words:  landscape architecture  ecosystem service  damage  blue-green space  health  well-being

摘要:

城市绿色空间有益于人类健康福祉的积极作用已成为全球共识，但其可能产生的生态系统负面服务还未受到足够关注，展开相关研究有助于提升城市绿色空间促进健康福祉的能力。以Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar为文献检索数据源，运用系统地图法对全球的城市生态系统负面服务研究进行全面回顾。首先，总结了研究的时空分布特征和研究对象特征，阐明了城市生态系统负面服务的定义，指出了城市生态系统负面服务的4种主要类型。其次，阐述了城市生态系统服务量化评估研究的主要评估内容、数据收集方法和主要评估方法。再次，总结了当前研究中各类型生态系统负面服务的影响机理及规避路径。最后，从正视城市生态系统负面服务问题、加强基础性科学研究、重视研究成果转化3个方面提出了国际经验对中国研究和实践的启示，并针对性地提出了面向风景园林专业的基本性策略。研究结果对我国开展城市生态系统负面服务的研究和实践具有借鉴和启示意义。

Abstract:

The positive role of urban green space has become a global consensus, but less attention has been paid to the urban ecosystem disservices that may harm human health and well-being. The research and practice can significantly improve the ecological well-being of urban green spaces. In this paper, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were used as literature retrieval data, and systematic mapping was used as a method to review the global studies on urban ecosystem disservices comprehensively. From the two aspects of spatio-temporal distribution and the objects of studies, this review summarized the basic research profile, clarified the definition of urban ecosystem disservices, and pointed out that health disservice, ecological disservices, economic disservices, and sociocultural disservices are four main types. And then, the impact mechanism and avoidance path of various types of urban ecosystem disservices in the current research are summarized. Finally, the enlightenment of international experience in China is expounded from three aspects: facing up to the disservices of the urban ecosystem, strengthening basic research, and attaching importance to the transformation of research results. This review is of great significance to the research and practice of urban ecosystem disservices in China.