乡村遗产的韧性能力与可持续演进——以普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观遗产为例

Resilience Capability and Sustainable Evolution of Rural Heritage: A Case Study of Cultural Landscape of Ancient Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu'er

关键词:  风景园林  乡村遗产  韧性  韧性能力  可持续演进  景迈山

Key words:  landscape architecture  rural heritage  resilience  resilience capability  sustainable evolution  Jingmai Mountain

摘要:

乡村遗产作为乡村地区富有遗产价值的典型社会生态系统，具有活态属性和可持续演进目标。当前，韧性理论已成为研究社会生态系统可持续发展的一种新范式。基于这2个前提，从探讨韧性与可持续性关系出发，阐述乡村遗产韧性能力概念和构成及其与“遗产要素和遗产环境”“持久性和动态性”“保护和发展”3组概念之间的对应关系。其中，遗产要素对应缓冲和适应能力，遗产环境则更多对应适应和转型能力。以普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观为例展开实证研究，通过2018年至今的田野调查中开展的问卷调查、半结构化访谈等形式进行数据理论抽样，同时结合文本内容进行三角剖分，开展主题分析，验证乡村遗产的韧性能力及其与遗产要素和遗产环境的对应关系。

Abstract:

Rural heritage is a social-ecological system with heritage value located in rural areas, which has living attributes and the goal of sustainable evolution. At present, resilience theory has become a new paradigm to study the sustainable development of social-ecological system. Based on these two premises, the study starts from discussing the relationship between resilience and sustainability, and elaborates the concept, constitution of resilience of rural heritage and its corresponding relationship with heritage elements, environment, persistence and dynamics, protection and development. Among them, the heritage elements correspond to the buffer and adaptive capability, while the heritage environment corresponds to the adaptive and transformative capability. Then the cultural landscape of ancient tea forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu'er is taken as a case to carry out empirical research. The theoretical sampling of data through the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview in the field survey since 2018 was conducted, combining the text content in triangulation, and the subject analysis was made to verify the resilience capability of rural heritage and its corresponding relationship with heritage elements and environment.