历史街区声景与游客场所依恋的关联性 分析——以锦里古街为例

Relationship Between Soundscape and Place Attachment of Tourists in Historic Block: A Case Study of Jinli Ancient Street

关键词:  风景园林  声景  声源评价  历史街区  场所依恋

Key words:  landscape architecture  soundscape  sound source evaluation  historical block  place attachment

摘要:

历史街区是承载居民历史记忆和体现地方特色的重要旅游目的地。揭示历史街区中游客的场所依恋特征及其影响因素对提升游览体验具有重要意义。以成都锦里古街为例，基于15个节点的问卷调查，探究历史街区声景对游客场所依恋的影响。结果表明：在场所依恋的2个维度上，相较于场所依赖，游客对锦里古街的场所认同更为明显；声源类型中，庙会活动声偏好度、导游讲解声感知频率、感知强度和偏好度与场所依赖有显著积极关系；谈话声感知强度和偏好度、手工艺制作声偏好度与场所认同有显著积极关系；总体声景感知的愉悦度和丰富度均与场所依恋及2个维度指标有显著积极关系；游客特征方面，来源地和性别可能是影响场所依恋的关键因素。研究结论可以为营造历史街区的场所感，提升场所依恋水平提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Historical blocks are important tourist destinations bearing residents' historical memory and reflecting local characteristics. It is of great significance to reveal the characteristics of visitors' place attachment in historic blocks and the influential factors to improve visiting experience. Taking Jinli Ancient Street in Chengdu as an example, and based on a questionnaire survey at 15 sample sites, this study revealed the influence of soundscapes in historic district on visitors' place attachment. The results show that in the two dimensions of place attachment, tourists' place identity was more obvious than place dependence. In terms of sound source perception, the preference for the sound of temple activities and the perceived occurrences and loudness of, as well as preference for the guided tour sound showed significant positive relationships with place dependence. The perceived loudness of and preference for surrounding speech, and the preference for handicraft sound showed significant positive relationships with place identity. In terms of the overall soundscape perception, pleasantness and eventfulness showed significant positive relationships with the three indicators of place attachment. As for tourists' characteristics, place of origin and gender could be the key factors affecting place attachment. The research results can provide theoretical basis for forming the sense of place in historical blocks and improving the level of place attachment.