《周礼》国土景观的象数渊源与数理秩序 解析

Analysis of the Origin of Emblems and Numbersand the Mathematical Order of NationalLandscape in Zhou Li (The Rites of Zhou)

关键词:  风景园林  《周礼》  国土景观  象数  空间秩 序  天人合一

Key words:  landscape architecture  Zhou Li  national landscape  emblems and numbers  spatial order  human-nature harmony

摘要:

揭示象数对中国古代空间与自然规律的关联逻辑， 是理解国土景观秩序生成的思维基础，也是传承“大国山河” 独特气质的可行思路。基于上古天文历法与《周易》“象- 数-理”体系，厘清《周礼》“山-水-田-城”景观以象数为 媒的“敬天”思路。结合《周易》象数易理，剖析其中“结 构”“等级”“单元”“均列”的空间映射模式。据此解析 象数对《周礼》国土景观秩序营构的影响：从全域“辨方正 位”的“山-水-田-城”结构同构与等级列位，到局域“体国 经野”的土地等单元衍生与聚落均列分布，最终实现“天人合 一”的人居理想追求。研究将为当代国土景观遗产价值提供新 的认知。

Abstract:

Revealing the correlation logic of emblems and numbers to ancient Chinese space and natural laws is the thinking basis for understanding the formation of national landscape order, and it is also a feasible way to inherit the unique temperament of the largescale landscape design tradition. Based on the ancient astronomical calendar and the "emblem-number-reason" system of Zhou Yi, this paper clarifies the idea of "worshipping heaven" in the "mountainwater- field-city" landscape of Zhou Li (The Rites of Zhou ). Combining the cultural meaning of Zhou Li emblems and numbers, this paper analyzes the spatial mapping patterns of "structure", "class", “unit" and "average". Finally, this paper analyzes the influence of emblems and numbers on the order and structure of national landscape of Zhou Li: in the whole territory, the structural isomorphism and ranking sequence of national landscape are realized by "identifying the region and rectifying the order"; in the local territory, through the "shaping the cities and countryside", the country realizes the derivation of land units and the uniform distribution of settlements; and it achieves the ideal pursuit of human-nature harmony. The research will provide new cognition for the value of contemporary national landscape heritage.