泰山灵岩寺园林格局营建研究

Research on the Construction of the GardenLayout of Lingyan Temple in Mount Tai

关键词:  风景园林  灵岩寺  园林历史  寺庙园林  园林格 局  营建逻辑

Key words:  landscape architecture  Lingyan Temple  garden history  Buddhist garden  garden layout  construction logic

摘要:

泰山灵岩寺是现存唐宋山地佛寺中处理“寺-山”关 系的规划设计重要案例，也是泰山风景名胜体系的重要组成部 分，其相应的园林格局营建过程、方法和逻辑需要深入探究。 灵岩寺园林营建受独特的山水格局影响，逐渐形成了以“背方 山、面象山”的寺院为核心、方山内外风景点环绕、面积广阔 的园林格局。通过实地调研、史料梳理和图像分析，首先发现 灵岩峪具有2层山势环抱、山泉散点分布的山水格局；其次将 灵岩寺园林格局的营建过程分为草创期、成形期、丰富期和修 复期，并分析其不同时期的营建方法与格局特征；最后总结出 灵岩寺园林格局的营建逻辑和4条营建经验。以期提供传统山 地寺庙园林规划设计的历史经验，为泰山风景名胜遗产保护提 供历史依据。

Abstract:

Lingyan Temple in Mount Tai is an important case of planning and design to deal with the "temple-mountain" relationship in the existing Buddhist temples in Tang and Song Dynasties, and also an important part of Mount Tai's scenery system. Its corresponding garden layout construction process, methods and logic need to be explored in depth. The construction of Lingyan Temple garden is influenced by the unique landscape form, gradually forming a temple backed by Fang Mountain and facing Xiang Mountain, as well as a vast garden layout surrounded by scenic spots inside and outside Fang Mountain. Through field research, historical materials sorting, and graphic analysis, it was first found that the landscape of Lingyan Valley is surrounded by two layers of mountains and scattered with mountain springs. Secondly, the construction process of Lingyan Temple's garden layout is divided into the initial stage, forming stage, enriching stage, and restoration stage, and the construction methods and layout characteristics of different stages are analyzed. Finally, the construction logic and four construction experiences of the Lingyan Temple garden layout are summarized. It is expected to provide the historical experience of traditional mountain temple garden planning and design, and provide the historical basis for the protection of Mount Tai scenic heritage.