寄情山水——中国山水画与造园美感的成因

Empathy for Shanshui: A Brief Discussion on theAesthetic of Traditional Chinese Garden

关键词:  风景园林  士  传统文化  山水画  山水园  造园 美感

Key words:  landscape architecture  shi  traditional culture  shanshui painting  shanshui garden  garden aesthetic

摘要:

中国园林“诗、书、画”三位一体，千百年来形成 了自己独有的造园特征，更作为中国文化的重要象征而流传于 世，山水画的法则更成为造园的范式，造就了中国传统园林之 “美”。从中国文化生成的重要群体——“士”的特征出发， 论述了中国园林在特殊历史境遇的中国独有的山水画影响下， 从山水画到山水园的发展。以史据考证的方法，说明了中国园 林实质为山水园，并在中国山水画影响下生成、演进的历程。 印证了中国园林——山水园实为中国传统文化之精神家园，中 国传统园林与山水画相互促进、印证，形成中国传统园林的无 穷魅力，傲立于世界。

Abstract:

The trinity of "poetry, calligraphy, and painting" in Chinese garden has formed its own unique gardening characteristics over thousands of years, and has been passed down to the world as an important symbol of Chinese culture. The principles of shanshui (landscape) painting have become the paradigm of gardening, creating the "beauty" of traditional Chinese garden. Starting from the characteristics of "shi" (intellectuals), an important group in the generation of Chinese culture, the article discusses the development of Chinese gardens from shanshui paintings to shanshui gardens under the influence of China's unique shanshui paintings under special historical circumstances. Using the method of historical research, it explains that Chinese gardens are essentially shanshui gardens and the process of their formation and evolution under the influence of Chinese shanshui paintings. It proves that Chinese gardens - shanshui gardens are actually the spiritual home of traditional Chinese culture. Traditional Chinese gardens and shanshui paintings promote and confirm each other, forming the endless charm of traditional Chinese garden and standing proudly in the world.