边疆乡村生态旅游绿道选线研究 ——以黑河市坤河达斡尔族满族乡为例

Research on the Selection of Green Lanes forEcotourism in Frontier Rural Areas—Taking DaurManchu Township of Kunhe in Heihe City as anExample

关键词:  风景园林  边疆  乡村生态旅游  绿道选线  适宜 性评价  黑河市坤河达斡尔族满族乡

Key words:  landscape architecture  frontier  rural ecotourism  greenway line selection  suitability assessment  Daur Manchu Township of Kunhe in Heihe City

摘要:

为促进乡村经济繁荣、巩固边疆生态安全屏障，尝 试将边疆乡村生态旅游与绿道概念结合，构建边疆乡村生态旅 游绿道体系，而绿道的规划选线是乡村生态旅游绿道建设的关 键。为探究边疆乡村生态旅游绿道选线的内在机制，在研究有 关乡村生态旅游绿道文献和场地调研的基础上，提出了坤河达 斡尔族满族乡生态旅游绿道的构建模式，并在Yaahp、GIS软 件的辅助下，选取生态旅游适宜性、景观游憩适宜性和绿道资 源适宜性作为选线要素，进而确定选线因子。利用层次分析法 (AHP)、德尔菲法(Delphi)和模糊层次分析法(FAHP)构建 乡村生态旅游绿道适宜性评价模型，并借助ArcGIS平台计算 选线方案，对绿道选线进行修正和优化。研究发现：1)最适宜 新建的生态旅游景观节点是异域风情观赏点；2)绿道适宜在已 有道路两旁建设；3)边疆乡村生态旅游绿道选线应遵循最小路 径成本、线路闭合性和体系化原则。

Abstract:

In order to promote rural economic prosperity and consolidate the ecological security barrier of frontiers, this paper attempts to combine ecological tourism in frontier villages with the concept of greenways, of which greenway route selection is the key step. In order to explore the internal mechanism of route selection of rural ecotourism greenway in frontier villages, on the basis of studying the literature and site research on rural ecotourism greenway, the construction mode of ecotourism greenway in Daur Manchu Township of Kunhe was proposed, and with the assistance of Yaahp and GIS software, three levels of ecotourism suitability, landscape recreation service suitability and greenway resource suitability were selected as line selection factors, and then the line selection factors were determined. Through the analytic hierarchy method (AHP), Delphi method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy method (FAHP), the suitability evaluation model of rural ecotourism greenway was constructed, and the line selection scheme was calculated with the help of ArcGIS platform to correct and optimize the greenway line. The study finds that: 1) The most suitable landscape node for construction is an exotic viewing point. 2) Greenways are suitable for construction on both sides of existing roads. 3) The selection of green lanes for eco-tourism in frontier villages should follow the principles of minimum path cost, route closure and systematization.