环武夷山国家公园景观格局与生境质量的 时空动态变化及空间关联分析

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics and SpatialCorrelation Analysis of Landscape Pattern andHabitat Quality Surrounding Wuyishan National Park

关键词:  风景园林  自然保护地  区域规划  景观破碎 化  生境退化

Key words:  landscape architecture  protected area  regional planning  landscape fragmentation  habitat degradation

摘要:

在中国国家公园体制建设背景下，统筹周边区域发展 与生态保护具有重要意义。目前，尚缺少有关国家公园周边区 域生境质量变化及其与景观格局破碎化关系的研究。以武夷山 国家公园周边县市为研究区域，基于InVEST模型和Fragstats 分析近40年(1980—2020年)生境质量和景观格局的时空演 变，利用双变量空间自相关分析二者的空间关联特征。结果表 明：1)近40年研究区域生境质量较好，整体呈下降趋势但幅度 较小，平均值从0.861下降至0.845；2)近40年研究区域景观 格局指数变化小但波动较大，建阳区的景观格局破碎化最为显 著；3)研究区域景观格局与生境质量具有显著空间关联，LPI、 CONTAG与生境质量呈显著正相关，PD、LSI、SHEI与生境 质量呈显著负相关；4)研究区域城镇中心的景观破碎显著、生 境质量较低；武夷山脉附近景观连通性较好、生境质量较高。 解析了武夷山国家公园周边区域景观格局与生境质量的时空动 态变化及空间关系，可为国家公园周边区域规划优化提供技术 指导。

Abstract:

In the context of China's national park system development, it is of great significance to coordinate the development and ecological protection in the surrounding areas. Currently, there is a lack of research on habitat quality change and its relation to landscape pattern fragmentation in the areas surrounding national parks. The counties and cities around Wuyishan National Park were taken as the study area, and the spatial and temporal evolution of habitat quality and landscape pattern in the past 40 years (1980-2020) were analyzed based on InVEST model and Fragstats. In addition, the spatial correlation characteristics between landscape pattern and changes in habitat quality were analyzed by bivariate spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that, 1) the habitat quality in the study area was better in the past 40 years, and the overall trend of decline was small, with the average value of habitat quality decreasing from 0.861 to 0.845; 2) the landscape pattern indicators in the study area had small changes in the past 40 years, but fluctuations were large, and the fragmentation of the landscape pattern was the most significant in Jianyang District; 3) there was a significant spatial correlation between the landscape pattern and habitat quality in the study area. LPI and CONTAG were significantly positively correlated with habitat quality, while PD, LSI and SHEI were significantly negatively correlated with habitat quality; 4) the landscape fragmentation in the town centers of the study area was significant, and the habitat quality was low; the connectivity of the landscape near Wuyi Mountain Range was better, and the habitat quality was high. The study analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics and spatial relationship between landscape pattern and habitat quality in the surrounding area of Wuyishan National Park, which could provide technical guidance for the optimization of the protection and development planning of the surrounding areas of national parks.