生物多样性影响人类健康：机制假说及 关键问题

Biodiversity Impacts Human Health: Mechanism, Hypothesis, and Key Issues

关键词:  风景园林  自然保护  绿色空间  生物多样性暴 露  整体健康

Key words:  landscape architecture  nature conservation  green space  biodiversity exposure  holistic health

摘要:

生物多样性与人类健康休戚与共，在中国大力开展 生物多样性保护和健康中国建设的背景下，实现二者的协同具 有重要意义，但中国的相关研究和实践仍处于起步阶段，有 必要回顾国际经验、探索前进方向。梳理了生物多样性与人 类健康关系的认知发展历程，辨析了“同一健康”“生态健 康”“星球健康”3种主流整体健康思想的异同，总结了当前 有关生物多样性影响人类健康的医学和心理学机制、假说与理 论模型。在此基础上，从阐释现象、理论机制、调节优化3个 层面提出了生物多样性影响人类健康领域的15组关键研究问 题，并提出了加强生物多样性促进人类健康能力的绿色空间规 划设计策略。系统地展现了生物多样性影响人类健康领域的认 知历程、作用机制、关键问题及实现路径，以期为后续研究和 实践提供借鉴。

Abstract:

Biodiversity and human health are closely related. Under the background that China is vigorously carrying out biodiversity conservation and building a healthy China, it is of great significance to realize the synergy between the two. However, relevant research and practice in China are still in their infancy, and it is necessary to review international experience and explore the way forward. This article sorts out the cognitive development process of the relationship between biodiversity and human health, distinguishes and analyzes the similarities and differences of the three mainstream holistic health thoughts of One Health, EcoHealth, and Planetary Health, and summarizes the mechanisms, hypotheses, and theoretical models of the current medical and psychological studies on the impact of biodiversity on human health. On this basis, 15 sets of key research questions in this field are proposed from three levels of phenomenon interpretation, theoretical mechanism, and adjustment and optimization, and green space planning and design strategies to strengthen the ability of biodiversity to promote human health are proposed. This study systematically demonstrates the cognitive process, mechanism, key issues and realization paths of biodiversity's impact on human health, which can provide reference for follow-up research and practice.