基于古村落宅间元素模式的村落景观 设计优化策略——以徽州地区为例

An Optimized Rural Landscape Design Strategy Based on the Patterns of Spatial Elements among Courtyard Houses in Historical Villages: Taking Huizhou Area as an Example

关键词:  风景园林  景观设计  村落  宅间元素

Key words:  landscape architecture  landscape design  village  spatial elements among courtyard houses

摘要:

新村空间设计语汇模块化是村落景观设计较为普遍 的现象，也是地域特征弱化和空间不契合空间行为等问题的主 要原因之一。古村落宅间元素是村民日常生活与村落环境在相 互影响下长期适应性发展的结果，宅间元素模式研究可促进丰 富新村空间设计语汇。以徽州地区古村落为例，从宅间元素的 分类、图示、与空间行为的关联3个方面论述了古村落宅间元 素模式研究方法论。通过徽州茆田新村景观设计阐述了宅间元 素模式的应用，论述了基于古村落宅间元素模式的村落景观设 计优化策略，有益于形成并推广地方空间设计语汇，避免过度 依赖和使用既有的、来自城市的广场、草坪、树池等元素造成 的全国村落的无差别设计。

Abstract:

The modularization of spatial design vocabulary is a common phenomenon in new village landscape design, and it is one of the main reasons for the problems of space lacking local identity and not satisfying villagers' spatial behaviors. The spatial elements among courtyard houses (SECH) in historical villages are the result of the long-term adaptive development of the villagers' daily life and the environment under the mutual influence. The study of the SECH pattern promotes the enrichment of the spatial design vocabulary of the new village. Taking the historical villages in the Huizhou area as an example, this paper proposes the research methodology of the SECH pattern from three aspects: the SECH classification, the graphics, and the association with spatial behavior. This paper expounds the application of the SECH pattern through the landscape design of Maotian New Village in Huizhou area, and explains the optimization strategy of the village landscape design based on the SECH. It is conducive to the formation and promotion of local spatial design vocabulary, avoiding excessive reliance on existing urban squares, lawns, tree ponds, and other spatial elements to design villages across the country without distinction