基于绿网城市理论的老旧街区更新实验与经营增益研究——以益阳市金花湖片区为例

An Experimental Study on Green Network City-Based Renewal ofOld Urban Neighborhoods and Its Operational Benefits: A CaseStudy of Jinhuahu Area, Yiyang City

关键词:  风景园林  绿网城市  老旧街区  城市更新  城市运营

Key words:  landscape architecture  green network city  old neighborhoods  urban renewal  urban operation

摘要:

绿网城市是笔者团队创新提出的城市规划设计理论，曾围绕存量、增量不同城市空间的发展模式，对山地、平原、水网不同地貌条件进行过实验研究， 但尚未探讨过其在中高密度老旧街区城市更新中的应用。以典型的益阳市金花湖街区为例，通过诊断焦点问题、辨析解决途径，阐明了绿网城市理论在此类街区 更新中的适用性；进而以“贯通路网、违章清理”为前提，提出“拆墙联绿、低势设绿、服务近绿、经营靠绿”的更新实验途径，推演了方案的理性生成，并展 现了其在车位供给、日照消防、社区配套等方面的合规性，以及在提升绿地率、可达性、发挥海绵城市功效上的生态宜居品质。对绿网街区建设的成本收益测评 结果表明：每年经营增益有670余万元，11年即可实现投资与收益的财务平衡。研究结果拓宽了绿网城市理论的应用范畴，从风景园林视角创新了中国城市更新 的理论与方法，并为中国老旧街区更新探索出一条富有特色、实操可行且又理论创新的途径

Abstract:

As urban development in China shifts from expansion-oriented growth to the renewal and optimization of existing built-up areas, the objectives of urban regeneration have expanded beyond physical reconstruction to include urban vitality enhancement, cultural preservation, and sustainable economic development. Meanwhile, the weakening of the land-based finance model has increased the need for regeneration approaches capable of generating long-term operational value and financial sustainability. In this context, the Green Network City (GNC) theory advocates the establishment of interconnected green networks integrated with transportation systems and multifunctional infrastructure, including public services, active transportation, sponge city facilities, and municipal utility networks. Although the GNC framework has been applied in new town development, university campuses, and mixed-use districts, its applicability to high-density aging neighborhoods remains underexplored. This study investigates the implementation and economic performance of the GNC approach through a regeneration experiment in the Jinhuahu neighborhood of Yiyang City, Hunan Province, China. Covering 11.47 hm2, the study area is a typical high-density aging urban neighborhood developed during a period of rapid urban expansion. Field surveys and spatial analyses identified several major challenges. Land ownership was highly fragmented, with 47 independently controlled parcels separated by walls, resulting in poor spatial connectivity and inefficient use of public space. The neighborhood exhibited a low green coverage ratio of only 2.84%, while numerous unauthorized structures created fire-safety and daylighting problems. Mixed land-use patterns and an incomplete road network constrained internal accessibility. Additional issues included fragmented municipal infrastructure, combined sewer systems, population aging, severe parking shortages, inadequate community services, and insufficient barrier-free facilities. To address these challenges, a regeneration framework based on four principles was developed: connecting fragmented green spaces, establishing low-lying green infrastructure, locating services near green networks, and promoting green-based operations. First, planned east-west roads were opened, and unauthorized structures and unnecessary enclosure walls were removed to establish a public-space system. Second, surface runoff analysis was employed to determine the configuration of low-lying green corridors, enabling the coordinated integration of sponge city facilities and underground utility networks. Third, underutilized public buildings were repurposed to accommodate community facilities and green streets, forming a green network consisting of one primary north-south corridor and six secondary east-west corridors. Finally, the green network was leveraged to integrate community services, commercial operations, cultural activities, and entrepreneurial activities, thereby enhancing the long-term operational capacity of the neighborhood. The regeneration experiment produced substantial improvements in spatial quality and service provision. Green coverage ratio increased from 2.84% to 26.65%, road length expanded from 759 m to 1,572 m, and parking capacity increased from 179 to 1,068 spaces. New facilities, including a community service center, health clinic, elderly day-care center, and kindergarten, were introduced to meet the requirements of a complete community. Fire-safety hazards, inadequate daylight access, and infrastructure deficiencies were effectively addressed, while underground utility systems and sponge city facilities were upgraded. As a result, spatial connectivity, environmental quality, and community service capacity were significantly enhanced. A cost–benefit assessment estimated a total investment of RMB 88.52 million, including construction and 20-year operation and maintenance costs. Annual revenue from property value enhancement, parking operations, property management, elderly and childcare services, and other commercial activities was estimated at RMB 6.74 million. Financial analysis indicates that the project can achieve a break-even point within approximately 11 years, substantially shorter than the assumed 20- year operational cycle. The findings demonstrate that the GNC approach can simultaneously improve spatial connectivity, ecological quality, and public services while generating sustainable economic returns. The Jinhuahu case confirms the feasibility and financial viability of applying Green Network City theory to highdensity urban regeneration and provides a promising pathway for integrating spatial improvement with long-term operational sustainability in China's stock-oriented urban development era.