景观统筹：风景园林视角下街区更新的系统性设计方法与实践反思

Landscape-Integrated Regeneration: A Systemic Design Method for Block Regeneration andReflections on Practice from a Landscape Architecture Perspective

关键词:  风景园林  城市更新  景观统筹  街区更新  轻介入  景观都市主义

Key words:  landscape architecture  urban regeneration  landscape-integrated regeneration  block regeneration  light intervention  landscape urbanism

摘要:

在城市发展从增量扩张向存量提质转型的背景下，传统“点状更新”模式难以应对街区公共服务碎片化、空间功能失衡等深层矛盾。借鉴“景观都市 主义”(landscape urbanism)与“日常城市主义”(everyday urbanism)等理论，从风景园林学科视角提出以“景观统筹”为核心的街区更新设计方法。区 别于既有理论主要将景观视为组织城市的“模型”或“媒介”，“景观统筹”更强调景观专业在更新全过程中的统筹性角色，即以景观为媒介，协调地下基础设 施、地上公共生活、文化记忆与后续运营等多元系统。以同一设计团队主持的广州永庆坊、福州烟台山与深圳南头古城3个街区更新实践为案例，提炼出“诊断- 耦合-介入-运营”的设计路径，并讨论其在旧城街区、历史风貌区与城中村3类街区中的差异化运作模式；同时反思景观主导更新可能引发的生态绅士化等风险， 以期为同类街区的统筹更新提供一种可资借鉴的设计视角，而非普适的标准答案。

Abstract:

As China's urbanization shifts from rapid expansion to the improvement of existing urban stock, the block has become a key unit of urban regeneration and governance. The Central Urban Work Conference held in 2025 explicitly called for a multi-dimensional, systematic, and all-element transformation of urban regeneration. Prevailing practice, however, remains dominated by a "point-based" model centered on the renovation of individual buildings or isolated nodes, which struggles to resolve systemic, block-scale problems such as fragmented public services, imbalanced spatial functions, and aging infrastructure. Within this discourse, long led by architecture and urban planning, the perspective of landscape architecture has been marginalized: landscape is often narrowly understood as the "final layer" of greening and beautification applied after engineering work is complete. This paper argues that block regeneration requires a medium capable of stitching fragmented spaces and connecting multiple systems, and that landscape is uniquely positioned to assume this role. Drawing critically on Landscape Urbanism and the idea of landscape as infrastructure, on Everyday Urbanism's attention to ordinary public life, and on the concept of urban acupuncture, the paper proposes a design approach centered on landscape architecture, termed "landscapeintegrated regeneration". Unlike existing theories that mainly establish landscape as a formal model or medium for organizing the city, this concept foregrounds the coordinating role of the landscape discipline throughout the whole regeneration process, shifting the question from "what landscape is" to "where landscape stands and what role it plays" in multi-professional, multi-stakeholder regeneration. Its core philosophy is "design with human", together with a pursuit of locality, effectiveness, and restraint, favoring light intervention over grand narratives and over-design. The operational path is distilled into four interlinked stages. Diagnosis treats the block as an overlay of historical, hydrological, transportation, and social systems, identifying the couplings that design can leverage rather than isolated defects. Coupling brings issues conventionally assigned to different professions - underground infrastructure and above-ground landscape, heritage conservation and modern functions, vehicular efficiency and walking experience - into a single spatial scheme for integrated trade-offs. Intervention adopts acupuncture-like, networked, and lightweight measures in place of large-scale demolition and reconstruction. The operation and management component incorporates long-term maintenance, management, and community use into design decisions from the outset. The framework is examined through three block-regeneration projects led by the author's design team. In Yongqing Fang of Guangzhou, a decaying old-city block, landscape acted as infrastructure: municipal works such as storm-sewage separation, cable undergrounding, and fire-protection networks were concealed beneath the granite paving of traditional lanes, while pocket parks, a stepped theater, and recycled-tile landscape walls regenerated everyday public space with restraint. In the Lequn Road area of Yantai Mountain, Fuzhou, a historic district enclosed by walls and fragmented by vehicular traffic, landscape served as a spatial medium: boundaries were softened, a walkable linear corridor was reconstructed, and historical context was translated into contemporary public life through narrative landscape details. In Nantou, Shenzhen, an urban village with an extreme shortage of public space, landscape functioned as social glue: five micro-sites linked by the main lanes re-anchored a legible framework of public space and accommodated the everyday needs of long-term residents, tenants, and newcomers with low-cost, high-resilience facilities. Comparison across the cases indicates that landscape-integrated regeneration is not a fixed formula: the weight of the four stages and the role played by landscape shift with block type - infrastructure in old-city blocks, medium in historic areas, and social adhesive in urban villages. The paper finally reflects on the risks of landscape-led regeneration, notably eco-gentrification and the displacement of original residents, as well as the limits of generalizing from the practice of a single team, and concludes that landscape architecture can move from an endstage beautification role to an overall coordinator of block regeneration, offering a transferable design perspective rather than a universal answer.