探究风景园林学在“两山”理论下的实践路径——以 安吉余村整体风貌提升工程为例

Exploring the Practical Path of Landscape Architecture under the Theory of "Two Mountains": Takingthe Overall Style Improvement Project of Yu Village in Anji as an Example

关键词:  风景园林  两山理论  马克思主义政治经济学  余村  乡村景观实践  设计策略

Key words:  landscape architecture  Two Mountains Theory  Marxist political economics  Yu Village  rural landscape design  design strategy

摘要:

通过探讨“两山论”的形成背景与理论内涵，将乡村景观的生成机制与变迁过程置于资本循环与空间生产的角度下进行分析。在提出风景园林师在乡村 实践中可能面临的资金、经验、方法、观念等方面的挑战后，以浙江安吉余村为例，提出3项设计策略。其一为“再现”：通过挖掘“山水田园”等文化原型，将 自然潜质转化为具有商品吸引力的主题景观。其二为利用“数字技术”：借助信息技术，催生新业态与空间类型。其三为强化“在地”性：通过凸显本地材料与生 活场景，并利用数字媒体进行传播，实现非物质化的价值转化。研究表明，风景园林学可借由这些策略，协调资本、生态与文化，成为推动乡村可持续发展、塑造 新型乡村形态的关键力量。

Abstract:

The paper discusses the formation background and theoretical connotation of the "Two Mountains Theory", and analyzes the generative mechanism and transformation process of rural landscape from the perspective of capital circulation and space production. After proposing the challenges landscape architects may face in rural practice, such as those related to funding, experience, methodologies, and concepts, this article proposes three design strategies, taking Yucun Village in Anji, Zhejiang Province, as an example. The first strategy is "reproduction": by exploring cultural archetypes such as "mountainous and rural landscapes", the natural potential is transformed into themed landscapes with commercial appeal. The second strategy involves utilizing "digital technology": leveraging information technology to spur the emergence of new business models and spatial types. The third strategy emphasizes "localization": by highlighting local materials and living scenarios, and utilizing digital media for dissemination, to achieve the transformation of intangible values. The research indicates that landscape architecture can leverage these strategies to harmonize capital, ecology, and culture, becoming a pivotal force in promoting sustainable rural development and shaping new rural forms.