杭州传统园林假山洞夏季微气候营造 研究

Research on Microclimate Construction ofHangzhou Traditional Garden Rockery Cave inSummer

关键词:  风景园林  假山洞  夏季微气候  杭州传统园林

Key words:  landscape architecture  rockery cave  microclimate in summer  Hangzhou traditional garden

摘要:

聚焦于假山洞知觉体验视角，以黄龙洞、抱朴道院 和蒋庄为例，采用三维激光扫描技术量化假山洞的外环境特征 和洞体特征，并实地测量微气候相关指标，以研究杭州传统园 林假山洞夏季微气候的营造理法。结果表明：1)植物、水体对 其夏季微气候影响显著，植物郁闭度每增加10个百分点，假山 洞空气温度将下降0.85 ℃，相对湿度增加0.38个百分点； 水体面积每增加1 m2，相对湿度增加0.15个百分点。2)进 深、孔洞数量、容积对其夏季微气候影响显著，进深每增加 1 m，洞内空气温度下降0.22 ℃；容积每增加1 m3，假 山洞相对湿度增加0.37个百分点；孔洞数量每增加5个，风速 提高0.21 m/s。研究结论揭示了传统园林假山洞营构的生态 智慧，为当代传统园林假山洞夏季微气候的营造提供依据

Abstract:

Focusing on the perspective of the perceptual experience of the rockery, taking Huanglongdong, Baopu Daoyuan and Jiangzhuang as examples, the external environment characteristics and cave characteristics of the rockery were quantified by 3D laser scanning technology, and the microclimate-related indicators were measured in the field, to study the construction method of the summer microclimate of the traditional garden rockery in Hangzhou. The results showed that: 1) Plants and water bodies had a significant impact on their summer microclimate, and the air temperature of the rockery would decrease by 0.85 ℃ and the relative humidity by 0.38 percentage points for every 10 percentage points increase in the canopy density of plants, and the relative humidity of the rockery would increase by 0.015 percentage points for every 10% increase in the water area. 2) The air temperature in the cave decreased by 0.22 °C for every 1m increase in depth, the relative humidity of the artificial cave increased by 0.37 percentage points for every 1 m3 increase in volume, and the wind speed increased by 0.21 m/s for every 5 increase in the number of holes. The research conclusion reveals the ecological wisdom of traditional garden rockery cave construction, providing a basis for the creation of summer microclimate in contemporary traditional garden rockery caves.