“人景”思维模式下乡村景观特征评估与 管护的研究视角

Research Perspectives on the CharacterAssessment and Management of Rural Landscapesunder the "Human-Landscape Relationship" Model

关键词:  风景园林  人景关系  人景系统耦合协调  乡村景 观  景观特征变化  景观管护

Key words:  landscape architecture  human-landscape relationship  human-landscape system coupling and coordination  rural landscape  change in landscape characteristics  landscape management and conservation

摘要:

乡村景观反映了人类、地方和自然之间原初和广域的 关联作用，是人地关系的基础单元。乡村景观特征产生于人地 关系，发展及特征化于人景关系。从人地关系的景观视角，探 讨“人类世”人景关系的形成、系统化背景及多元特性，进一 步分析乡村中的“人”和乡村景观的关系，厘清乡村景观特征 评估和管护的焦点内容和核心目的，形成一种新的思维逻辑以 指导乡村景观特征识别后阶段的进一步研究。景观特征评估是 管护景观特征以应对变化的有力工具，尤其是在乡村地区，而 管护的最终目的是人的活动与景观特征能够协调共生，在满足 人类需求和应对快速发展影响所带来的压力的同时，乡村景观 能保持多样性和连续性等特征状态，以实现景观的可持续性。

Abstract:

Rural landscape, which is a basic unit of human-land relationship, reflects the primitive and wide-ranging relationship among human, place and nature. The rural landscape characters arise from the human-land relationship, and develop and characterize from the human-landscape relationship. This study explored the generation, systematized background, and multiple characteristics of the "Anthropocene" human-landscape relationship from a landscape perspective of human-land relations, further analyzed the relationship between human and rural landscapes, clarified the focus and purpose of rural landscape character assessment and management, and formed a new thinking logic to guide the in-depth research in the later stage of rural landscape character assessment. Landscape character assessment is a powerful tool for managing and protecting landscape characters to cope with changes, especially in rural areas. The ultimate goal is the harmonious symbiosis of human activities and landscape character, where rural landscapes can maintain character states such as diversity and continuity while meeting human needs and coping with pressures from the impacts of rapid development, in order to achieve landscape sustainability.