公园绿地文化生态系统服务供需空间匹配 研究——以成都市主城区为例

Spatial Matching of Supply and Demand for MultipleCultural Ecosystem Services in Park Green Spaces:A Case Study of the Main Urban Area of Chengdu

关键词:  风景园林  公园绿地  文化服务  供需匹配  绿 地规划

Key words:  landscape architecture  park green space  cultural ecosystem service  supply and demand matching  green space planning

摘要:

分析快速城市化区域文化生态系统服务(CES)的供需 匹配特征对于城市可持续发展具有重要意义。然而，全面识别城 市公园绿地多种CES的供需空间匹配特征是现有研究的难点。因 此，为识别公园绿地多种CES供给、居民多样化需求与实际服务 之间的差异，以成都市主城区为例，结合大数据分析、社会调查 与ArcGIS空间分析方法，综合评价公园绿地的6种CES(娱乐、 美学、社交、锻炼、文化、灵感)的实际服务、潜在供给和潜在 需求空间差异，分析供需聚类分布特征。结果表明：1)供需总 体分布方面，成都市主城区实际服务呈现东北部高、西部低的 分布特征；潜在供给呈现南部高、北部和东部低的分布特征； 潜在需求呈现中间高、四周低的分布特征；2)供需匹配空间分 布特征方面，6种CES均呈现从边界到市中心由供给冗余转为供 给赤字，CES错配面积占研究区的85%，其中，灵感＞美学＞ 娱乐=文化＞锻炼＞社交；3)供需聚类方面，高供给-低需求占 比最大，为37%，低供给-高需求主要分布在研究区中部，占比 20%。综合评估城市公园绿地多种CES供需匹配特征，为城市公 园绿地系统规划提供更为严谨可行的依据。

Abstract:

Analyzing the supply and demand matching characteristics of cultural ecosystem services (CES) in rapidly urbanizing regions is important for sustainable urban development. However, comprehensive identification of the matching characteristics of the supply and demand of multiple CES in urban park green spaces is difficult in existing studies. Therefore, in order to identify the differences between multiple CES supply, residents' diversified demands and actual service, this study takes the main urban area of Chengdu as an example and combines data analysis, social survey and spatial analysis methods to evaluate the spatial differences of actual service, potential supply and potential demand of six CES (recreation, aesthetics, socialization, exercise, culture and inspiration) of park, analyzing the supply and demand clustering characteristics. The results show that: 1) The overall distribution shows that the actual service shows the distribution of high in the northeast and low in the west; the potential supply shows the distribution of high in the south and low in the north and east; the potential demand shows the distribution of high in the middle and low around; 2) The spatial distribution of supply and demand matching shows that services show a shift from supply redundancy to supply deficit from the border to the city center. The CES mismatch area accounts for 85% of the study area, among which, inspiration > aesthetics > entertainment = culture > exercise > social; 3) On the clustering of supply and demand, high supply - low demand accounts for the largest proportion, 37%, and low supply - high demand is distributed in the central part of the study area, 20%. This study evaluates the supplydemand matching of multiple CES in urban parks and provides a rigorous basis for urban green space system planning