迈向白色景观：寒地城市中小河流滨水空间 居民冬季户外活动的环境特征偏好研究

Towards Whitescape: A Study on Residents' WinterEnvironmental Characteristics Preferences ofOutdoor Activities in Waterfront Spaces of Small andMedium-sized River in Cold Region

关键词:  风景园林  寒地城市  滨水空间  户外活动  白 色景观

Key words:  landscape architecture  city in cold region  waterfront space  outdoor activity  whitescape

摘要:

：城市中小河流滨水空间是承载居民户外活动的重要 载体，寒地冬季严酷的气候条件使河流由蓝色水域空间转变成 白色冰雪空间，特殊的水体形态使居民的活动水平产生较大变 化。聚焦寒地城市中小河流滨水空间的居民冬季户外活动，构 建可达性、场所特征、服务设施和维护管理4类维度下的17项 环境特征要素指标，通过问卷调查与Kano模型得出户外活动的 环境特征偏好要素序列，基于行为类型讨论要素指标对冬季户 外活动的影响。结果显示，河流白色景观对提升冬季健康福 祉具有重要意义，对维护管理提出了更高的要求。寒地滨水 空间的流动行为更关注步行体验，强调线性路径的空间畅通 和微气候舒适，驻留行为更关注冬季运动和防风防寒设施的 配给。研究成果可为寒地城市居民健康福祉的规划建设提供 决策支持。

Abstract:

The waterfront space of small and medium-sized river in the city is an important carrier for outdoor activities of residents. The harsh climate in winter in cold region makes rivers change from blue space to white space, and makes the activities of residents change. The research focuses on the winter outdoor activities of residents in small and medium-sized river in cold region, and constructs 17 environmental character index indicators under four dimensions of accessibility, site characteristics, facilities, and management. The ranking of environmental indicators for outdoor activities was obtained by questionnaire and Kano model. The results show that whitescape is of great significance to improving the health and well-being in winter, and the requirements for management are higher. The linear activity behavior pays more attention to the walking experience, and requires the paths continuous and the microclimate comfortable, while other behaviors pay more attention to the provision of winter sports facilities and protection facilities. The research results intend to provide decisionmaking support for the construction of the health and well-being of urban residents in cold region.