毯式社区——成片开发模式下完整住区规划的景观 都市主义实践探索：以厦门为例

Blanket Community: The Landscape UrbanismPractice Exploration of Complete Residential AreaPlanning under the Block Development Mode:Taking Xiamen as an Example

关键词:  风景园林  成片开发  完整住区  毯式社区  景 观基质  公共空间  景观都市主义

Key words:  landscape architecture  block development  complete residential area  blanket community  landscape matrix  public space  landscape urbanism

摘要:

居住社区是现代化城市治理的基本单元，其空间模 式的创新或改良对于践行高质量发展与高品质生活无疑具有经 济、社会、文化和环境的多维效应与普适价值。将“成片开 发”模式和“完整居住社区”相结合，意味着一种不同于以往 封闭小区模式的住区规划新类型——毯式社区，包含公园社区 与开放式创新的空间内涵、整体性与基质化的设计特征，以及 公共领域的水平向基本形态。结合厦门实践案例，进一步阐释 了毯式社区的规划方法，并提炼出“连接-溶解-层叠”3个相互 关联且适用于同类实践的一般性设计策略和3个值得特别关注的 实施要点，从而建立起毯式社区的技术理论框架，以期推动景 观都市主义的新型实践探索，重塑中国特色的当代居住文化。

Abstract:

Residential community is the basic unit of modern urban governance, whose spatial model innovation or improvement undoubtedly has the multi-dimensional effect and universal value of economy, society, culture and environment to practice highquality development and high-quality life. Combining the block development model with the complete living community means a new type of residential planning different from the previous closed community model, which is called the Blanket Community. It includes the spatial connotation of park community and open innovation, the design characteristics of integrity and matrix, and the level of the public domain toward the basic form. Then this paper further explains the planning method of blanket community combined with the practical case of Xiamen, from which three general design strategies called connection, dissolution, and lamination, and three implementation points worth special attention are interrelated and applicable to similar practices. This technical theory framework of Blanket Community could promote the new practice exploration of landscape urbanism, and rebuild the contemporary living culture with Chinese characteristics