都江堰市河流水系连通性的时空演化 特征及规划策略研究

Research on Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristicsand Planning Strategies of River System Connectivityin Dujiangyan City

关键词:  风景园林  河流水系  连通性  复杂网络分析  都 江堰

Key words:  landscape architecture  river system  connectivity  complex network analysis  Dujiangyan

摘要:

随着近年来河道侵占、河岸硬化及现代化水利工程 建设等人工活动干扰的加剧，河流水系的连通性受阻，导致 城市出现水资源承载能力下降、水环境恶化等问题。以四川 省都江堰市为研究靶区，选取1998、2008和2018年为时间 切片，利用复杂网络模型和数学统计的综合分析方法，构建时 间、纵向、垂直和横向的四维河流水系连通性评价指标体系。 研究结果表明：近年来都江堰河流结构的纵向连通性降低，主 干化趋势明显，重要节点脆弱性加剧；垂直、横向连通性与城 镇化水平呈反比，且在人类活动密集区域的河流形态变化情况 更加剧烈。并以此为依据构建了河流水系多维连通性的规划优 化策略，针对市域范围，提出从“面-线-点”整体到局部的纵 向连通性保护修复规划；针对中心城区范围，通过优化土地利 用布局和岸线设计，改善河流垂直及横向连通性，以期提高河 流水系生态价值。

Abstract:

In recent years, with the gradual intensification of artificial activities such as river encroachment, bank hardening and modern water conservancy project construction, the connectivity of the river system has been poorer, which has led to the decline of urban water resources carrying capacity, water environment deterioration and other problems. This paper takes Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province as the research target area, selects 1998, 2008 and 2018 as time slices, establishes a four-dimensional river system connectivity evaluation index system in time, longitudinal, vertical and transversal directions with complex network models and comprehensive analysis methods of mathematical statistics. It is found that in recent years, the longitudinal connectivity of river structure in Dujiangyan has decreased, the trend of trunk is obvious, and the vulnerability of important nodes has increased. The vertical and transversal connectivity is negatively related to the level of urbanization, and the natural form of rivers located in areas with intensive human activities is more seriously damaged. Based on this, a planning optimization strategy for multi-dimensional connectivity of river system is constructed. In view of the scope of the city, a plan for protection and restoration of longitudinal connectivity from "plane-line-point" as a whole to local is proposed. For the central urban area, the vertical and transversal connectivity of the river will be improved by optimizing the land use layout and shoreline design, so as to improve the ecological value of the river system.