基于眼动追踪的历史文化街区城市景观体验 评价——以广州永庆坊为例

The Experience Evaluation of Urban Landscape ofHistorical & Cultural Blocks Based on Eye-Tracking:A Case Study of Yongqingfang, Guangzhou

关键词:  风景园林  眼动追踪  历史街区  城市景观  体 验评价  永庆坊

Key words:  landscape architecture  eye-tracking  historical block  urban landscape  experience evaluation  Yongqingfang

摘要:

当前的历史文化街区景观体验评价更多基于主观问卷 调查展开。为了突破研究过程中的主观框架限制，构建多元评 价模型，以广州永庆坊为案例，借助眼动追踪技术，辅以主观 问卷调查印证，建立凸显定量特征的体验评价数学模型。首先 基于网络大数据筛选永庆坊街区代表性场景，并依据城市意象 理论进行场景分类。然后利用场景照片，展开眼动追踪实验， 采集数据。进一步对各类眼动指标数据进行因子分析、差异性 分析、相关性分析，构建基于平均绝对距离、眼跳次数和总眼 跳时间3个眼动追踪指标的体验评价模型，并阐述体验过程中的 主体差异和意象要素差异。最终将模型评价结果与问卷评价模 型结果相互印证，确证眼动模型的准确性。

Abstract:

Most of current experience evaluation of historical & cultural blocks landscape is based on the subject questionnaire survey. In order to break through the restrict of subject framework during the research process and establish diversifying evaluation models, taking Yongqingfang of Guangzhou as an example, the paper established a prominent quantitative objective evaluation system in the way of eye-tracking verified by subjective questionnaire survey. Firstly, the typical scenario photos of Yongqingfang were selected based on the internet big data and classified according to the urban image theory. Then the eyetracking experiments were conducted during which the subjects watched the photos with eye tracker and relative data were collected. Afterwards the eye-tracking data were processed in the way of factor analysis, difference analysis and correlation analysis. Furthermore, the evaluation model of spatial quality was built with parameters of three eye-tracking index including AAD, NES and TST, and the difference of subjects and image elements were expounded. At last, the confirmation test was made by the comparation between the evaluation results of eye-tracking model and questionnaire model.