风景名胜区建设项目景观影响评价逻辑 及路径研究——以崂山风景名胜区薛家岛景区 为例

The Logic and Path of Landscape Impact Assessment (LIA) of Construction Projects for Chinese Scenic Areas—A Case Study of Xuejia Island Scenery in Laoshan Scenic and Historic Area

关键词:  风景园林  风景名胜区  建设项目  景观影响评 价  内涵与方法  青岛

Key words:  landscape architecture  scenic area  construction project  landscape impact assessment (LIA)  connotation and method  Qingdao

摘要:

生态文明建设及自然保护地体系构建背景下，科学 实效的景观影响评价成为风景名胜区建设项目管理的制度性工 作。以科学、技术和应用3个层面建构风景名胜区建设项目景 观影响评价的逻辑体系：首先，明确景观影响评价的理论基 础、内涵及边界；其次，建立景观影响评价的技术流程，多约 束条件下划定景观类型区与评价单元，识别景观特征，提取评 价要素；第三，以景观格局指数的景观优势度排序判定景观扰 动风险度；最后，综合提出敏感性、扰动性、价值性和美学性 四方面的建设项目影响评价体系，并结合青岛崂山风景名胜区 薛家岛景区某建设项目的景观影响评价来实现场景应用。

Abstract:

Under the background of both ecological civilization construction and natural reserves system construction, landscape impact assessment (LIA) of construction projects in scenic areas has become an institutional management work. The logic system of LIA is constructed from three levels, which are science, technology and application. Firstly, the paper clarified the theoretical basis, connotation and boundary of LIA. Secondly, it establishes the technical process of LIA, delimits landscape type areas and evaluation units under multiple constraints, identifies landscape features, and extracts evaluation elements, and determines the landscape disturbance risk by ranking the landscape dominance of landscape pattern index. Finally, the impact evaluation system of construction projects at four levels of sensitivity, disturbance, value and aesthetics is comprehensively proposed, and the scene application is realized by combining the LIA of the construction project in Xuejia Island Scenic Area of Laoshan Scenic Area in Qingdao