基于有序Probit模型的遗产地居民步行环境满意度研究——以鼓浪屿为例

Research on Walking Environment Satisfaction of Residents Based on Ordered Probit Model—A Case Study of Gulangyu

关键词:  风景园林  文化遗产  步行环境  有序概率模型  居民感知  鼓浪屿

Key words:  landscape architecture  cultural heritage  walking environment  ordered probit model (OPM)  resident perception  Gulangyu

摘要:

遗产地发展过程中常常面临原住民流失、文化衰败等问题，解决这些问题对遗产保护与活化具有重要意义。原住民是物质空间与文化内涵的纽带，研究居民空间质量感知是应对遗产地内涵流失问题的关键切入点，开展步行环境分析是塑造高质量人居环境的有力抓手。以鼓浪屿为例，通过问卷调查获取居民步行环境属性满意度及整体质量评价，以调查数据为基础建立有序概率模型，测度街道各属性的相对重要性，判断影响居民整体感知的最重要因素，再通过重要性-满意度分析确定最需要进行改进的属性，增强对居民步行环境需求的理解。结果表明，连通性和舒适性是影响居民整体感知的最重要因素，连通性需要优先提升。将文化、景观与空间相联系，从居民感知出发进行空间分析，以期为居民提供理想生活环境，同时为遗产地制定切实可行的政策措施提供依据。

Abstract:

In the process of development of heritage sites, problems such as the residents' relocation and the decline of culture are often faced. Solving these problems is of great significance to the protection and activation of heritage. The aborigines have the most direct relationship to the protection and development of the connotation of heritage sites, and are the bond between the material space and the cultural connotation. Studying the perception of residential space quality is the key entry point for dealing with the loss of connotation of heritage sites. Conducting the analysis of walking environment is a powerful tool for shaping high-quality living environment. Taking Gulangyu as an example, this study obtained the satisfaction of residents' walking environment attributes and the overall quality evaluation through a questionnaire survey. Based on the survey data, an ordered probit model is established to measure the relative importance of each attribute of the walking environment and determine the most important factors affecting the overall perception of the residents. Then through the importance-satisfaction analysis to determine the attributes that need to be improved, and to enhance the understanding of residents' need for walking environment. The results show that connectivity and comfort are the most important factors affecting residents' overall perception, and connectivity needs to be improved first. The study links culture, landscape and space, and conducts spatial analysis from the perspective of residents' perceptions, in order to provide residents with an ideal living environment, and to provide a basis for the establishment of practical policy measures for the heritage sites.