“天一阁”园林及“一法多式”现象研究

On the Garden of "Tianyi Pavilion" and thePhenomenon of "One Rule with Many Models"

关键词:  风景园林  园林史  天一阁  藏书楼园林  写仿  一法多式

Key words:  landscape architecture  landscape history  Tianyi Pavilion  traditional library garden  imitative writing  one rule with many models

摘要:

范氏天一阁园林坐落在浙江宁波，至今已逾450 年，较为完整地保留了明末清初江南藏书楼园林的基本面貌。 天一阁园林典雅精巧，乾隆为藏《四库全书》，写仿“天一之 法”建皇家七阁，园景随地宜而变，可称中国传统园林“一法 多式”之典型。试从“天一阁”被写仿的现象分析七阁借助 “一法多式”有效处理“园之异宜”的兴造，探索“法与式” 的演化过程、内在动因及对传统造园传承的重要意义。

Abstract:

Located in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tianyi Pavilion Garden, being constructed more than 450 years ago, has mostly retained the appearance of traditional library gardens in the south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty to early Qing Dynasty. Tianyi Garden is a model of traditional Chinese library gardens. Emperor Qianlong made the imitative writing of Tianyi Garden to build seven royal library gardens with their pavilions for the storage of The Si Ku Quan Shu, with their garden sceneries being changed according to various sites, which can be called the practice of "one rule with many models" – one of the most important theories of Chinese traditional garden constructions. Based on the phenomenon, this paper analyzes the law of "Tianyi Pavilion", the practice of "seven copying one" and the style created by seven pavilions, tries to explore the evolution process and the internal motivation of "one rule with many models" which is of vital significance to the traditional Chinese gardens inheritance.