湿地美学的研究方法与进展：从心理物理 范式的视角考察

Research Methods and Progress of WetlandAesthetics: From the Perspective of PsychophysiologyParadigm

关键词:  风景园林  景观美学  湿地美学  心理物理范式  专家范式  认知范式  经验范式  公众态度

Key words:  landscape architecture  landscape aesthetics  wetland aesthetics  psychophysiology paradigm  expert paradigm  cognitive paradigm  experiential paradigm  public attitude

摘要:

通过文献计量法对已有的科研成果进行统计分析， 验证湿地美学在景观美学心理物理范式中的研究意义。研究 结果表明：近40年，关于心理物理范式的湿地美学研究主 题的已发表文献数量显著增加，特别是从2000—2010年 达到峰值时开始呈指数增长，将近一半以上关于心理物理范 式的湿地美学研究内容的出版物都在2000年后出版。这些 出版物通常来自3个杂志： Journal of Environmental Management (环境管理杂志)、 Landscape and Urban Planning (景观与城市规划)和 Wetlands (湿地)；通过四大 范式的分析比较，检选的136篇出版物在景观美学范式下提到 了湿地美学，其中大部分概念都是等义或近义的，验证了景观 美学范式同样也适用于湿地美学；在湿地美学研究中，有部分 文章跨越了一个以上的范式，其中心理物理范式的使用频率高 于其他3种范式，心理物理学范式的综合运用已经成为很多学 者的共识。最后从心理物理范式中对湿地美学未来的主要研究 趋势进行了展望，指出应该完善其理论体系，丰富其研究内 容，综合考虑公众态度对湿地美学研究的影响，以期为湿地空 间的可持续管理提供一定的理论依据，为湿地美学的进一步研 究提供一定的理论参考。

Abstract:

This paper analyzes the existing scientific research results through the bibliometric method, and verifies the research significance of wetland aesthetics in the landscape aesthetic psychophysical paradigm. The results of the study show that in the past 40 years, the number of published literature on the theme of wetland aesthetics has increased significantly, especially since the peak between 2000 and 2010, and nearly half of the publications on wetland aesthetics were published after 2000; These publications usually come from three journals: Journal of Environmental Management , Landscape and Urban Planning , and Wetlands ; through the analysis of the four paradigms, the 136 selected publications refer to the wetland aesthetics under the landscape aesthetic paradigm. Most of the concepts are equivalence or synonym, which proves that the landscape aesthetic paradigm is also applicable to wetland aesthetics; in wetland aesthetics research, some articles span more than one paradigm, in which the psychophysical paradigm is used more frequently than the other three paradigms, and the comprehensive application of the psychophysical paradigm has become the consensus of many scholars; finally, from the psychophysical paradigm, the main research trends of wetland aesthetics are forecasted. It is pointed out that the theoretical system should be perfected, its research content should be enriched, and the influence of public attitude on wetland aesthetic research should be considered comprehensively. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of wetland space, it provides a theoretical reference for scholars to further study wetland aesthetics.