畅春园匾额楹联及造园意境探析Research

Research on the Plaques & Couplets and ArtisticConception of Changchun Garden

关键词:  风景园林  三山五园  畅春园  匾额楹联  意境 审美

Key words:  landscape architecture  Three Hills and Five Gardens  Changchun Garden  plaques and couplets  aesthetic conception

摘要:

以清代畅春园匾额楹联的意境表达内容作为研究切 入点，结合文献及已有复原成果对畅春园盛期的匾额楹联依据 主题进行分类统计和空间落位，并以畅春园具有代表性的园林 空间为例，探究景题的文化内涵和园林意境。研究发现畅春园 匾额楹联题写历经康、雍、乾三朝，匾联内容的变化体现出园 林功能的更迭，体现出园主不同的审美意趣。畅春园的匾联内 容以状物点景和修身养德类为主，兼有勤政亲贤、宗教祭祀、 祈福祝寿、问道求仙等内容。通过比喻、用典、象征等手法， 点明所处环境，体现清帝对治世境界、自然境界和神仙境界的 追求，起到了凝练主题和升华意境的作用，是探究清帝造园 思想最直接的载体。根据畅春园楹联匾额解析畅春园的造园意 境，有助于进一步揭示畅春园的历史与文化价值，为清代皇家 园林研究提供一定参考。

Abstract:

To study the aesthetic expression of plaques and couplets in Changchun Garden of Qing Dynasty, the contents of plaques and couplets were classified and lolcated according to the theme from the periods of Emperor Kangxi to Emperor Qianlong. Based on this, several garden space were analyzed, and concluded as follow: Firstly, the content change of plaques and couplets reveals not only the function transformation of the garden, but also the wisdom and gardening ideologies of emperors during different periods. Secondly, various subjects of plaques and couplets enriched and improved the aesthetic expression of Changchun Garden. The study may provide some reference not only for the restoration research of Changchun Garden from the perspective of the historical and cultural value, but for the research on imperial garden of Qing Dynasty.